CRUD Operations using JPA

I will show how to perform four basic functions, create, read, update and delete (CRUD) on relational database application by using JPA in this post.

I only include two programs in the following. Full source codes can be cloned from https://github.com/henry416/jpatest.
1) Student.java: to define a new entity class;
2) StudentTest.java: to perform CRUD operations;

1. Entity Class: Student.java

package henry416.domain;

import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.Id;

@Entity
public class Student {
	@Id
	private int id;

	private String name;
	
	private double gpa;
	
	public Student() {}

	public Student(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}
	
	public Student(int id, String name, double gpa) {
		this.id = id;
		this.name = name;
		this.gpa = gpa;
	}

	public int getId() {
		return id;
	}

	public void setId(int id) {
		this.id = id;
	}

	public String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
	
	public double getGpa() {
		return gpa;
	}
	
	public void setGpa(double gpa) {
		this.gpa = gpa;
	}

	@Override
	public String toString() {
		return "Student [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", gpa="
				+ gpa + "]";
	}

}

2. CRUD Operations: StudentTest.java

package henry416.jpa;

import java.util.List;

import javax.persistence.EntityManager;
import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;
import javax.persistence.EntityTransaction;
import javax.persistence.Persistence;

import henry416.domain.Student;

public class StudentTest {

	private EntityManager manager;

	public StudentTest(EntityManager manager) {
		this.manager = manager;
	}
 
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		EntityManagerFactory factory = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("persistenceUnit");
		EntityManager manager = factory.createEntityManager();
		StudentTest test = new StudentTest(manager);

		EntityTransaction tx = manager.getTransaction();
		System.out.println("1. create student records");
		tx.begin();
		try {
			test.createStudents();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		tx.commit();

		System.out.println("2. read student records");
		test.readStudents();

		System.out.println("3. update a student record");
		tx.begin();
		try {
			test.updateStudent();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		tx.commit();		

		System.out.println("4. delete a student record");
		tx.begin();
		try {
			test.deleteStudent();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		tx.commit();		
		
		System.out.println("5. delete all student records");
		tx.begin();
		try {
			test.deleteStudents();
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
		tx.commit();		
		
		System.out.println("=> done");
	}

	private void createStudents() {
		// insert a few records
		manager.persist(new Student(1,"Jack Jackson",3.28));
		manager.persist(new Student(2,"Tom Thomson",3.56));
		manager.persist(new Student(3,"Dave Davison",3.65));
		manager.persist(new Student(4,"Neil Nelson",3.56));
		manager.persist(new Student(5,"Mark Markson",3.78));		
	}

	private void readStudents() {
		List<Student> resultList = manager.createQuery("Select s From Student s order by s.id", Student.class).getResultList();
		System.out.println("num of students:" + resultList.size());
		for (Student next : resultList) {
			System.out.println("=> " + next);
		}
	}

	private void updateStudent() {
		// update a student record
		Student stu = manager.find(Student.class, 2);
        	if (stu != null) {
                  System.out.println("from => "+stu);  
        	  stu.setName("Thomas Thomson");
                  stu.setGpa(3.99);
                  System.out.println("to => "+stu);
        	}
	}
	
	private void deleteStudent() {
		// delete ONE record
		Student stu = manager.find(Student.class, 2);
		System.out.println("remove=> "+stu);
		if (stu != null) {
		   manager.remove(stu);
		}

	}
	
	private void deleteStudents() {
		// delete all records
		int deletedCount = manager.createQuery("DELETE FROM Student").executeUpdate();
		System.out.println("total num of records removed => "+deletedCount);
	}
}

3. Result

The following is the execution results:

1. create student records
2. read student records
num of students:5
=> Student [id=1, name=Jack Jackson, gpa=3.28]
=> Student [id=2, name=Tom Thomson, gpa=3.56]
=> Student [id=3, name=Dave Davison, gpa=3.65]
=> Student [id=4, name=Neil Nelson, gpa=3.56]
=> Student [id=5, name=Mark Markson, gpa=3.78]
3. update a student record
from => Student [id=2, name=Tom Thomson, gpa=3.56]
to => Student [id=2, name=Thomas Thomson, gpa=3.99]
4. delete a student record
remove=> Student [id=2, name=Thomas Thomson, gpa=3.99]
5. delete all student records
total num of records removed => 4
=> done